Egyptian Geography
A quick look at the landscapes, climate, demographics, flora, and fauna of Egypt.
Geographical Statistics of Egypt
Egypt is a nation of North Africa and the Middle East along the Mediterranean and Red Seas. It shares borders with Libya, Sudan, Israel, and the state of Palestine. It is also separated by water from Saudi Arabia and Jordan. The total land area of Egypt is 384,345 square miles or 995,450 square kilometers. Its major cities are its capital, Cairo (approx. population 20.076 million) and Alexandria (5.086 million). As of 2017, its total population is estimated at 97,041,072 people.
Climate and Landscapes of Egypt
The climate of Egypt is hot and arid. The sandy Sahara desert takes up most of its southern regions. The majority of its population live along the Nile River or Mediterranean coast, which are far more conducive to farming. The Nile opens up into the Nile River Delta where it meets the Mediterranean. It is the world’s longest river and has been the lifeblood of Egypt for thousands of years. The more recent Suez Canal runs between the bulk of Egypt and the Sinai Peninsula, connecting its two major seas.
Egypt’s landscapes range from tall dunes to rocky scrublands to lush oases and riverbanks. Its common flora include date palms, papyrus reeds, and citrus trees. Among its native wildlife are fennec foxes, Nile crocodiles, hippos, jackals, ibex, wild cats, desert lynx, and gazelle. Many of its animal species are now threatened or endangered.
References
Goldschmidt Jr., Arthur. A Brief History of Egypt. Infobase Publishing. 2008.
Petry, Carl F, ed. The Cambridge History of Egypt. Vols. 1-2. Cambridge University Press. 2008.
Romer, John. A History of Ancient Egypt: From the First Farmers to the Great Pyramid. Macmillan. 2013.
Sarant, Louise. “Egypt Wildlife in Need of Protection.” Egypt Independent, Egypt Independent, 25 Mar. 2011, www.egyptindependent.com/egypt-wildlife-need-protection/.
“The World Factbook: Egypt.” Central Intelligence Agency, Central Intelligence Agency, 30 Oct. 2018, www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/eg.html.
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