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From Brazil and the Brazilians by George James Bruce, 1914.

The States of Para and Amazonas, occupying the entire north of Brazil from the Atlantic west to the frontiers of Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru, comprise the Amazon Valley, a vast territory dealt with separately in this work.

Rio Grande do Sul, the southernmost State of Brazil, whose capital is Porto Alegre, is a stock-raising State, with many manufacturing industries in which the wool, cotton, hemp, silk, meat, and agricultural produce of the territory are utilised. Gold, copper, and other minerals are mined.

Rio Grande do Sul, though taken possession of about 1531, has failed to make the progress some younger provinces have. It has suffered from the lack of good harbours, but much is now being done to improve the shipping facilities, and this State should make great strides as its harbours and railway undertakings are further developed.

Bruce, George James. Brazil and the Brazilians. Dodd, Mead and Company, 1914.

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